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Kazakhstan

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Kazakhstan:

Is a state in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Population - 20 million people. Territory area - 2,724,902 km² (ranks 9th in the world in terms of territory and 62nd in population). It borders on Russia in the north and west, China in the east, Kyrgyzstan in the southeast , Uzbekistan to the south and Turkmenistan to the southwest, with a coastline along the Caspian Sea. Its capital is Astana, and its largest city and leading cultural and commercial center is Almaty. The state language is Kazakh.

Natural resources:

Almost all elements of Mendeleev's Periodic Table have been discovered in Kazakhstan due to the diversity of geological formations and natural conditions. This unique geological diversity is reflected in vast reserves of mineral and fuel resources such as oil, natural gas, metals and uranium. The industry has attracted significant foreign investment and accounts for the majority of the country's industrial output. Kazakhstan occupies a leading position in reserves of uranium, chromium, lead, zinc, manganese, copper, and is also among the top in coal, iron and gold. Oil and gas exports play an important role in the country's economy; there are large fields, such as the Tokarevskoye gas condensate field.

Largest cities or towns in Kazakhstan:

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  1. Almaty
  2. Astana
  3. Shymkent
  4. Aqtobe
  5. Karagandy
  6. Taraz
  7. Pavlodar
  8. Oskemen
  9. Semey
  10. Atyrau

There are 90 settlements in Kazakhstan. 62.2% of the republic’s population lives in cities. 3 cities are on the first, 39 cities on the second, 48 cities on the third level of administrative division. The main share of large cities is made up of regional centers. They account for 23.6% of the country's population. A significant part of the population lives in the 3 largest cities of the country, cities of republican significance and the capital, 24.4% of the country's population.

Education:

Nazarbayev University

Education is universal and mandatory through to the secondary level and the adult literacy rate is 99.5%. On average, these statistics are equal to both women and men in Kazakhstan.
At present, there are universities, academies and institutes, conservatories, higher schools and higher colleges. There are three main levels: basic higher education that provides the fundamentals of the chosen field of study and leads to the award of the Bachelor's degree; specialised higher education after which students are awarded the Specialist's Diploma; and scientific-pedagogical higher education which leads to the master's degree. Postgraduate education leads to the Kandidat Nauk ("Candidate of Sciences") and the Doctor of Sciences (PhD). With the adoption of the Laws on Education and on Higher Education, a private sector has been established and several private institutions have been licensed.
At the beginning of the 2023-2024 academic year in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the number of operating higher educational institutions was 112 organizations, of which 77 universities, including research ones, 14 academies, 10 institutes and equivalent conservatories, higher schools and higher educational institutions, 8 national higher educational institutions institutions, 3 national research universities.

Sport:

Astana arena
Kazakhstan consistently performs in Olympic competitions. It is especially successful in boxing. This has brought some attention to the Central Asian nation and increased world awareness of its athletes. Dmitry Karpov and Olga Rypakova are among the most notable Kazakhstani athletes. Dmitry Karpov is a distinguished decathlete, taking bronze in both the 2004 Summer Olympics, and the 2003 and 2007 World Athletics Championships. Olga Rypakova is an athlete, specialising in triple jump (women's), taking silver in the 2011 World Championships in Athletics and Gold in the 2012 Summer Olympics. Kazakhstan's city of Almaty submitted bids twice for the Winter Olympics: in 2014 and again for the 2022 Winter Olympics. Astana and Almaty hosted the 2011 Asian Winter Games.
Popular sports in Kazakhstan include football, basketball, ice hockey, bandy, and boxing.
Alzhan Zharmukhamedov
Kazakhstan's most famous basketball player was Alzhan Zharmukhamedov, who played for CSKA Moscow and the Soviet Union's national basketball team in the 1960s and 1970s. Kazakhstan's national basketball team was established in 1992, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Since its foundation, it has been competitive at the continental level. Its greatest accomplishment was at the 2002 Asian Games, where it defeated the Philippines in its last game to win the bronze medal. At the official Asian Basketball Championship, now called FIBA Asia Cup, the Kazakhs' best finish was 4th place in 2007.
The Kazakhstan national bandy team is among the best in the world, and has many times won the bronze medal at the Bandy World Championship, including the 2012 edition when Kazakhstan hosted the tournament on home ice. The team won the first bandy tournament at the Asian Winter Games. During the Soviet time, Dynamo Alma-Ata won the Soviet Union national championships in 1977 and 1990 and the European Cup in 1978. Bandy is developed in ten of the country's seventeen administrative divisions (eight of the fourteen regions and two of the three cities which are situated inside of but are not part of regions). Akzhaiyk from Oral, however, is the only professional club.
Kazakh boxers are generally well known in the world. In the last three Olympic Games, their performance was assessed as one of the best and they had more medals than any country in the world, except Cuba and Russia (in all three games). In 1996 and 2004, three Kazakhstani boxers (Vassiliy Jirov in 1996, Bakhtiyar Artayev in 2004 and Serik Sapiyev in 2012) were recognised as the best boxers for their techniques with the Val Barker Trophy, awarded to the best boxer of the tournament. In boxing, Kazakhstan performed well in the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. Two boxers, Bekzat Sattarkhanov and Yermakhan Ibraimov, earned gold medals. Another two boxers, Bulat Zhumadilov and Mukhtarkhan Dildabekov, earned silver medals. Oleg Maskaev, born in Zhambyl, representing Russia, was the WBC Heavyweight Champion after knocking out Hasim Rahman on 12 August 2006. The reigning WBA, WBC, IBF and IBO middleweight champion is Kazakh boxer Gennady Golovkin. Natascha Ragosina, representing Russia, but from Qarağandy held seven versions of the women's super middleweight title, and two heavyweight titles during her boxing career. She holds the record as the longest-reigning WBA female super middleweight champion, and the longest-reigning WBC female super middleweight champion.